Each time rotate the sheet with the mirror on it so that the incident ray falls at different angles on the mirror. Repeat this experiment a number of times. Draw a normal to XY at O, and measure the angles of incidence and reflection with a protractor. Trace the incident and reflected rays, and then remove the mirror. Let a ray of light from your ray source fall on the mirror. Stand a mirror upright, with its back surface (its reflecting surface) on the line. Draw a straight line XY on a sheet of paper (Figure 12.4). Shine a torch on the slit to get a ray of light.Ģ. Make a slit on a piece of chart paper and fix it over the window. To make one, remove the top of a cardboard box and cut a window on the bottom. Light passing through the slit and reflecting off the mirror will form a ‘ray’. Make a slit on a thick piece of paper and use it to cover the shiny side of a small mirror. Let us make a source of rays for verifying the laws of reflection. And the ray of light reflected off the surface is called the reflected ray.ġ. A ray of light falling on a surface is called the incident ray. Terms related to reflection :īefore you learn more about reflection, you need to know some terms related to reflection. Also, as the surface of a utensil gets scratched with use, the reflections from its surface get more diffused. Therefore, the image formed is not as clear and bright as that formed by a mirror. Since the surface of a utensil is not as smooth as that of a mirror, the rays reflected from its surface get diffused (Figure 12.2). That is why you see a clear, bright image of an object in a mirror.Īpart from mirrors, images are formed by shiny surfaces like those of metal utensils. The smooth surface ensures that the light falling on it undergoes regular reflection. The layer of metal is extremely smooth and forms the reflecting surface of the mirror. A mirror is made by coating a thin layer of aluminium or silver at the back of a glass sheet. Reflection from a plane mirror is an example of regular reflection. Since the reflected rays get diffused, or spread, in different directions, we see a hazy image or no image at all. This is called diffuse reflection or irregular reflection. When a beam strikes an uneven surface, its rays are reflected in different directions.
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